5.45 x 39 mm (.215 Russ.)

The 5.45×39mm (.215 Russ.) is a small-caliber, high-velocity rifle cartridge developed by the Soviet Union in the early 1970s as a replacement for the 7.62×39mm. It was designed for use in the AK-74, offering higher velocity, improved accuracy, and reduced recoil compared to its predecessor. The cartridge typically fires a 53-60 grain projectile at speeds around 2,900 fps, featuring a distinctive boat-tail bullet for enhanced aerodynamics. The 5.45×39mm is widely used in military, sporting, and hunting applications, with surplus ammunition commonly available. It remains a popular choice for AK-pattern rifles due to its low recoil and penetration capabilities.